How to Build a Landscape Tie Retaining Wall: A Step-by-Step Guide to Creating a Beautiful and Functional Retaining Wall

Building a landscape tie retaining wall is a practical solution for adding structure, managing slopes, or creating raised beds in your yard. Landscape ties, often made from treated wood or recycled railroad ties, are sturdy, affordable, and offer a rustic, natural appearance. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you create a strong, long-lasting retaining wall with landscape ties:

1. Plan and Measure: Begin by mapping out where you want the wall. Use stakes and string to outline the desired shape and measure the length and height. Consider local building codes—walls above a certain height may require permits or consultation with an engineer.
2. Excavate the Base: Dig a trench along the line of the wall. A general rule is to dig a trench 6–8 inches deep and as wide as your landscape tie. The base of the wall should sit below ground level for stability.
3. Create a Solid Foundation: Add a 2–3 inch layer of compacted gravel or crushed stone at the trench’s base. This helps with drainage and prevents the wall from shifting due to water or soil movement.
4. Lay the First Row: Place your first row of landscape ties in the trench, ensuring they’re level both side-to-side and front-to-back. Use a rubber mallet to adjust as needed. This base row is critical for the entire wall’s stability.
5. Stack Additional Tiers: Stagger each successive row so the ends overlap the seams below, similar to brickwork. Secure each tie to the one below using 12–18 inch landscape spikes or rebar. Drill pilot holes for easier driving.
6. Add Drainage: As you build, backfill each row with gravel between the wall and the soil. For walls higher than two feet, install a perforated drainpipe at the base to carry water away.
7. Anchor the Wall: For added strength, especially on taller walls, use deadmen ties—landscape ties placed perpendicular to the wall and anchored deep into the hillside at every third row.
8. Finish the Wall: Once the wall reaches your desired height, backfill to the top with gravel and then soil. Cut end pieces as necessary for a clean look. Consider applying a sealant to the landscaping ties to prolong their life.

As a designer, I always recommend considering how your retaining wall fits with the rest of your outdoor spaces. A thoughtfully designed wall not only controls erosion and adds structure—it can frame garden beds, create terraced planting areas, or even double as casual seating. Visualizing your project ahead of time is simple with a versatile home designer tool, allowing you to experiment with placement, materials, and landscape integration before you begin construction.

Tips 1:

Always use pressure-treated wood for outdoor retaining walls, as untreated wood will quickly rot when exposed to soil and moisture. Don’t forget to slope the soil behind the wall slightly away from it, which helps with drainage and extends your wall’s lifespan.

FAQ

Q: What size landscape ties are best for building a retaining wall?

A: Standard ties are typically 6x6 inches and 8 feet long. Larger or thicker ties might be necessary for very tall or load-bearing walls.

Q: How deep should I bury the first row of ties?

A: The first row should sit at least 6 inches below ground level to provide stability and prevent movement.

Q: How can I prevent my retaining wall from bulging or collapsing?

A: Stagger tie joints, use deadmen ties for anchoring, and incorporate proper drainage with gravel and perforated pipes to manage water pressure.

Q: Do I need a permit to build a landscape tie retaining wall?

A: Many localities require permits for walls exceeding 3–4 feet in height or for structures affecting drainage. Always check local regulations before starting.

Q: How long does a landscape tie retaining wall last?

A: With pressure-treated wood and proper drainage, these walls can last 15–20 years or longer, depending on local climate conditions and maintenance.